Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrijana Savić Author-Email: andrijanasa@hotmail.com Author-Name: Gordana Dobrijević Author-Email: gdobrijevic@singidunum.ac.rs Title: The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Work Organization Abstract: In today’s fast-paced environment, business organizations are faced with the need for introducing frequent changes in order to overcome everyday challenges and improve their performance. Organization of work is one of the key elements in the adjustment to market changes, and the basis of enterprise transformation. Apart from continuous market competition, the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts have brought about a special type of business challenge. The new situation requires even stronger cooperation between management and employees, trusting relationship and understanding of necessary changes in order to maintain business continuity in very challenging pandemic conditions. Emergencies and numerous changes in response to a challenging situation can very often disrupt normal business organization and operation. This study focuses on the role of remote work (working from home) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The theoretical framework of this paper is based on the relationship between technology, agile organizations and working from home during the coronavirus crisis. Keywords: Work organization, organizational change, agile organizations, working from home, COVID-19 crisis. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 1-15 Volume: 19 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-35904 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-1/the-impact-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-work-organization.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/the-impact-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-work-organization File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:159 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tanja Stanković Author-Email: tanja.stankovic.16@singimail.rs Author-Name: Tijana Radojević Author-Email: ndojevic@singidunum.ac.rs Title: Employees Motivation and Managerial Coaching During the Pandemic Covid-19 at the Research Institute Abstract: Company survival depends on its ability to adapt to the changes that have their own dynamics and development pace; it is the transition from the present to the future, desired endpoint. The activities of the organization's management could lose the meaning if there is lack of motivation. In situation like this, implementation cannot be successful. Motivation factors for advancement, work and organizational changes are numerous, but the communication between employees and management is the most important. As this communication is closely related to management coaching, manager’s coaching skills become crucial for the ultimate success and motivation of the organization. This research aims to show the importance of motivating employees to improve and learn new skills during work and identify the best individuals who will transfer their knowledge to employees and who can become internal trainers. The article provides an overview of the coaching and motivation for learning, and it offers insight into how the observed example will develop in the future. Keywords: management and employee communication, employee motivation, coaching skills, managerial coaching. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 16-29 Volume: 19 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-35560 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-1/employees-motivation-and-managerial-coaching-during-the-pandemic-covid-19-at-the-research-institute.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/employees-motivation-and-managerial-coaching-during-the-pandemic-covid-19-at-the-research-institute File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:160 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maja Kljajić Author-Email: mkljajic@singidunum.ac.rs Author-Name: Vule Mizdraković Author-Email: vmizdravkovic@singidunum.ac.rs Author-Name: Blaženka Hadrović Zekić Title: Internal Audit in the Covid-19 Environment: Key Aspects and Perspectives of Remote Auditing Abstract: It was very difficult to predict the global pandemic caused by the new coronavirus COVID-19 disease that spread around the world. There is no doubt that the pandemic will have a serious impact on worldwide economy because besides causing a health crisis, the pandemic threatens to generate an economic and financial crisis. Therefore, the management of service providing entities were faced with a challenge of finding a model to perform their business activities and take care of the employees’ health at the same time. This paper discusses possible solutions related to internal audit as a service providing profession. The research findings in the field have led to the conclusion that auditors can take advantage of this business environment to undergo complete digital transformation and make extensive use of remote auditing, since the function of internal audit can be further improved by using new information and communication technologies. The results of the research, which was focused on the opinions of certified internal auditors from the Republic of Serbia, showed that the advantages of remote auditing in internal audit outweighed the disadvantages. During the pandemic, the quality level of performed audits either increased or stayed the same, as well as the level of trust of audit client management, whereas savings in time and a decrease of travel-related costs were substantial. Keywords: remote auditing, pandemic, internal auditor, digital transformation, ICT. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 30-41 Volume: 19 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-35881 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-1/internal-audit-in-the-covid-19-environment-key-aspects-and-perspectives-of-remote-auditing.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/internal-audit-in-the-covid-19-environment-key-aspects-and-perspectives-of-remote-auditing File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrija Popović Author-Email: andrija.m.popovic@gmail.com Author-Name: Maja Ivanović Đukić Author-Name: Ana Milijić Title: Smart Economic Development in European Countries Abstract: Industry 4.0 is a set of digital and physical technologies and cyberphysical systems that create new values at the macroeconomic and microeconomic levels. It is causing significant changes and developments in the industrial sector worldwide. This research aims to determine the impact of Industry 4.0 on socio-economic development by establishing the correlation between Industry 4.0 Index and the UNDP Human Development Index (HDI). Following the correlation analysis, country clusters will be formed based on the implementation of I4.0 and socio-economic development. There is a strong correlation between the implementation of Industry 4.0 and socio-economic development at the European level, while all countries can be placed within three significant clusters. This paper confirms the positive impact of Industry 4.0 on socio-economic development. It also provides institutional and business stakeholders with an objective incentive to implement the core I4.0 technologies faster. Keywords: Industry 4.0, Economic Development, Industry 4.0 Index, Smart Development, Europe. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 42-54 Volume: 19 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-33906 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-1/smart-economic-development-in-european-countries.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/smart-economic-development-in-european-countries File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:162 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Žaklina Spalević Author-Email: zspalevic@singidunum.ac.rs Author-Name: Kosana Vićentijević Title: Gdpr and Challenges of Personal Data Protection Abstract: This paper discusses the challenges of implementing GDPR regulation in the EU and the Republic of Serbia. The regulations governing the issue of personal data protection are outlined. Emphasis is placed on reconciling this issue in the Republic of Serbia with EU legislation. The aim of this paper is to look at GDPR regulations from several standpoints of the business of taxpayers. It is necessary to include all segments of a business entity in the implementation of this regulation, as well as bodies at the national level. It is necessary to adopt by-laws in order to fully implement the Law on Personal Data Protection in the Republic of Serbia. Keywords: GDPR, personal data, compliance, data protection. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 55-65 Volume: 19 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-36596 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-1/gdpr-and-challenges-of-personal-data-protection.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/gdpr-and-challenges-of-personal-data-protection File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:163 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aleksandra Tešin Author-Email: tesin.sanja@gmail.com Author-Name: Tatjana Pivac Author-Name: Snežana Besermenji Author-Name: Sanja Obradović Title: Exploring the Influence of Instagram on Travel Destination Choice Abstract: The emergence of social media has brought great changes to the tourism industry. Various such platforms have become an almost inevitable tool in all phases of travel, including organization of travel, during travel, and post-travel. Given the growing popularity and widespread use of social networks, their influence on users is becoming the focus of many studies. Since Instagram is one of the most widely used social media, the main goal of this research was to find out how much it affects the choice of travel destination. To achieve that, a survey was conducted among 853 participants. The target group included people between 18 and 54 years of age, who are the most frequent users of Instagram. The findings showed that Instagram is an important source of information and inspiration in the destination selection process. In addition, it has been found that travel-related content is one of the most followed on Instagram and that it definitely increases the interest of users to visit certain destinations. The paper also discusses the influence of Instagram on the choice of travel destination depending on certain sociodemographic characteristics of respondents. Keywords: social media, Instagram, travel, destination choice. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 66-80 Volume: 19 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-33584 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-1/exploring-the-influence-of-instagram-on-travel-destination-choice.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/exploring-the-influence-of-instagram-on-travel-destination-choice File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:164 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anđelka Štilić Author-Email: andjelka@visokaturisticka.edu.rs Author-Name: Miloš Nicić Author-Name: Angelina Njeguš Author-Email: anjegus@singidunum.ac.rs Title: Global Distribution Systems Versus New Distribution Capability and Internet of Things Abstract: In the present environment, to access data and processes, each airline provides its interface and establishes its process flows. Aggregation of direct connect platforms based on NDC, including LCC, necessitates a transformation in the traditional business model of global distribution systems. There is a relationship between airline service qualities and overall service quality and/or satisfaction and promoted NDC was and continues to be the foundation for developing new customer experience for air carriers' products throughout all retail channels, and even a tool for broadening air carrier internet sites' functionalities to all retail channels. The trend of integrating the Internet connectivity into previously unconnected “things†accelerates the demand for easy access to services via external APIs. The authors envisioned that the Tourism 4.0 technologies would play a key role in the process of evolution of the tourist industry and that asking AI assistants to book a holiday and display virtual reality amenities on a TV screen to help make an informed or inspired selection would soon be functional reality. Full implementation of the NDC standard and the necessity to integrate “4.0 technology†services in the booking processes was foreseen through the conducted survey as the opportunity for additional revenue. The utilisation of the survey's results could be seen as a starting point for uncovering and assessing features, attitudes, and behaviours in tourism industry for decision-making objectives of the various tourism companies. The paper's conclusion is stating that travel and tourism industries must explore ways to proactively overturn decades of outdated travel distribution processes, and even though the full use of ever-developing technology in the travel and aviation industry is still in the future, they must plan ahead for these significant turning points. Keywords: Global Distribution Systems, New Distribution Capability, Tourism 4.0 technologies. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 81-97 Volume: 19 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-36420 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-1/global-distribution-systems-versus-new-distribution-capability-and-internet-of-things.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/global-distribution-systems-versus-new-distribution-capability-and-internet-of-things File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:165 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aleksandar Sandro Cvetković Author-Email: ascvetkovic@sinergija.edu.ba Author-Name: Vesna Radojčić Title: Economic Justification of Applying Information Technologies to the Creation of Smart Cities Abstract: Modern technologies, in addition to making people's lives easier, faster and better, enable the combination of different technologies to develop solutions to various problems. Global warming is one of the biggest and most dangerous problems facing planet earth. If global warming were presented as a coin, then air pollution and climate change would be two sides of the same coin. Climate change is primarily a problem that has arisen due to the large amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. Carbon overload occurs mainly due to the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas, or the cutting and burning of forests. There are other harmful gases but CO2 stands out because it poses the greatest risk of irreversible change if it continues to accumulate in the atmosphere. This paper presents a number of different solutions by combining modern technologies for the problem of CO2 emissions globally, where Bosnia and Herzegovina is particularly singled out as one of the countries with the most polluted air in Europe and with the highest mortality rate associated with air pollution. Smart cities use digital technologies, aim to improve the quality of human life and to enable the protection of the environment. The concept of a smart city is described as a set of modern technologies, examples of leading smart cities in the world are given, as well as the advantages of implementing such a solution. Keywords: smart city, air pollution, climate change, reducing carbon dioxide emissions, global warming, CO2 emissions. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 98-109 Volume: 19 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-36597 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-1/economic-justification-of-applying-information-technologies-to-the-creation-of-smart-cities.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/economic-justification-of-applying-information-technologies-to-the-creation-of-smart-cities File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:166 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Garima Malik Author-Email: gkmalik@amity.edu Author-Name: Dharmendra Singh Author-Name: Nikola Stakić Title: Understanding the Behavioural Intention to Adopt Internet Banking: an Indian Perspective Abstract: Internet banking gives banks colossal advantages as far as cost reserve funds, better client connections, and individual contributions from the opposition. This study expects to recognize the components that essentially influence the intention of bank clients to utilize Internet banking administrations in India. The examination proposed a complete model called Internet banking Adoption in India, which was an implicit part based on the "Brought together Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology" (UTAUT) and three extra factors that were recognized as setting delicate. A self-made survey with 100 samples on the impact of behavioral intention to adopt Internet banking was conducted using surveys available on the Internet. A statistical tool like Chi-Square, correlation and regression was performed on SPSS software for further analysis. According to the TAM Model, perceived trust, perceived risk, and perceived ease of use was taken into consideration to rate the behavioral intention for adopting Internet banking in day-to-day life. Keywords: Internet banking, behavioral factors, adoption, India. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 110-120 Volume: 19 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-35277 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-1/understanding-the-behavioural-intention-to-adopt-internet-banking-an-indian-perspective.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/understanding-the-behavioural-intention-to-adopt-internet-banking-an-indian-perspective File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:167 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jelena Šogorov Vučković Author-Email: jelenasogorov@fepps.edu.rs Author-Name: Dušan Piksiades Author-Name: Ivan Trifunović Title: Governmental Investment in the Environmental Economy in the Western Balkan Abstract: “A Green economy†has been one of the key agendas that governments all over the world have set as a goal to achieve. The last few decades have been critical for the recognition of this major problem, and they played a critical part in reversing the effects brought on to our planet with the acts of people and other natural factors. Governments have devised multiple plans to enforce regulations that would protect the environment we live in, and most of these plans have been spearheaded by the United Nations (UN) and the European Union (EU). They have developed several plans that have a task to minimalize, or escalate, the effects of global warming until 2050. Covered by these plans are almost all of the World’s countries, and a majority of these actions are connected with the economy and sustainable development. The Western Balkan region has recently started implementing Eco laws and trying to make the environment more energy efficient. The WB countries have also undergone serious economic improvement in the environmental field. This paper analyses the progress of the Western Balkan countries, its onset and implementation, as well as plans for future economic investment. The countries that will be analyzed are Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia. The analyses in the paper include the presentation of legal regulations and the economic perspectives of the plans that need to be implemented in these countries, as well as their investment potential concerning the green economy. Since all of these countries tend to become members of the EU in the future, these results would be compared with the average measures performed by the EU countries. The paper hypothesizes that Western Balkan countries have lower average rates than EU countries, and would have to focus not only on making a more stable legal perspective concerning Eco laws, but also a more environmentally stable economy. Keywords: Western Balkans, Environmental economy, Government. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 121-136 Volume: 19 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-33686 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-1/governmental-investment-in-the-environmental-economy-in-the-western-balkan.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/governmental-investment-in-the-environmental-economy-in-the-western-balkan File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:168 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrija Popović Author-Email: andrija.m.popovic@gmail.com Author-Name: Maja Ivanović Đukić Author-Name: Ana Milijić Title: Assessment of the Impact of Circular Economy Competitiveness and Innovation on European Economic Growth Abstract: Purpose. This paper aims to assess the organizational culture exposed by small and medium-sized companies (SMEs). In other words, we examine the relationship between leadership styles, organizational culture and organizational performance. In order to investigate the role of organizational culture, it is fundamental to analyze the leadership styles in relation to the types of culture, to identify how these are related and well aligned so that they can help the SMEs to be more effective, favoring their innovativeness. Therefore, we like to address the issue of organizational alignment as well, which occurs when employees and leadership are on the same page regarding an organization’s purposes and core values. Methodology. Based on a sample of 408 Macedonian managers and employees and using the organizational culture assessment instrument VOX, the key findings show that the dominant culture in Macedonian small and medium-sized businesses is Entrepreneurial Democracy and that all employees share similar perceptions about organizational culture. Contribution/Value. It contributes to the scientific body of knowledge in the context of organizational culture and alignment. The implications of this study will be especially important for the Macedonian SMEs managers and owners in order to gain access to important knowledge of its organizational culture or they need to make improvements to stimulate the innovativeness of their employees to participate in the improvement of company’s performance on the one hand and satisfied employees on the other hand. It also provides the readers with an understanding of how to measure organizational culture and its alignment by introducing up-to-date scientific research in the same field. Keywords: Circular economy, Competitiveness, Economic development, Sustainable development, Europe. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 1-14 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-39057 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-2/assessment-of-the-impact-of-circular-economy-competitiveness-and-innovation-on-european-economic-growth.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/assessment-of-the-impact-of-circular-economy-competitiveness-and-innovation-on-european-economic-growth File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:169 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Miloš Ilić Author-Name: Vinko Lepojević Title: Rewarding Top Managers in the Banking Sector during the Covid - 19 Pandemic Abstract: The paper analyzes the practice of the leading banks in Europe related to the compensation of top managers during the COVID - 19 pandemic and the determination of their relationship with the achieved performance of the banks. The paper aims to examine whether top managers' compensation was related to the bank's performance during the COVID - 19 pandemic as well as give recommendations related to rewarding top managers in crises, based on the good practice of leading European banks during the COVID - 19 pandemic. By applying correlation and regression analysis methods, to a sample of leading 50 banks in Europe and 123 top managers, we examined the relationship between the gross profit and compensation of top managers in 2020 and 2021. The results showed that the relationship between bank performance and top managers' compensation (base salary, bonus, and total compensation) was positive even during the COVID - 19 pandemic. Keywords: Top management, Basic salary, Bonuses, Total compensation, Bank performance. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 15-27 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-39080 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-2/rewarding-top-managers-in-the-banking-sector-during-the-covid---19-pandemic.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/rewarding-top-managers-in-the-banking-sector-during-the-covid---19-pandemic File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:170 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Teodora Ćormarković Author-Name: Lazar Dražeta Author-Email: ldrazeta@singidunum.ac.rs Author-Name: Nataša Simeunović Author-Email: nsimeunovic@sinergija.edu.ba Title: The Levels of Artificial Intelligence Application in Human Resource Systems Abstract: As human capital has become a vital asset in contemporary businesses, utilizing human resources exceeds HRM function towards strategic business partnership within organizations. The key enabling factor was global ICT development that changed functional roles and responsibilities within operating business models and introduced machine intelligence that increased organizational capabilities while reducing human involvement. The paper discusses the current state of AI applications in HRM systems. Emphasis is placed on clarifying technological features and goals, as well as the evolution of existing HRM systems. Furthermore, the paper provides the framework of AI application levels that serve as a foundation for understanding the current operational potential and provides useful evidence for the future development of HRM systems. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Human Resource Management, Information Systems, Levels of AI Applications. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 28-42 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-39535 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-2/the-levels-of-artificial-intelligence-application-in-human-resource-systems.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/the-levels-of-artificial-intelligence-application-in-human-resource-systems File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:171 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Remembrance Hopeful Chimeri Author-Name: Isaac Busayo Oluwatayo Title: The Impact of Covid-19 on Household Consumption Expenditure in South Africa: A Macroeconomic Perspective Abstract: The study was motivated by how the Coronavirus (Covid-19), potentially, affected household spending in South Africa. This is because, firstly, final consumption expenditure by households accounts for the largest share of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in South Africa, and therefore is a significant driver for economic growth. Secondly, expenditure by households is often used as a proxy of ascertaining the standard of living. The analysis drew data from the Household and Income and Expenditure Survey (HEIS), focussing on the period between 2010 and 2020. The results show that the Covid-19 pandemic had a negative impact on disposable income growth and spending of households at a macro-level. Coupled with other triggers, the contraction of the local economy resulted in job losses, with the unemployment level rising above 30% since the third quarter of 2020. Keywords: Consumption expenditure, Covid-19, Economic growth, Households, South Africa. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 43-53 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-39745 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-2/the-impact-of-covid-19-on-household-consumption-expenditure-in-south-africa-a-macroeconomic-perspective.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/the-impact-of-covid-19-on-household-consumption-expenditure-in-south-africa-a-macroeconomic-perspective File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:172 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ivona Mileva Author-Name: Snezhana Hristova Title: Organizational Culture in Smes: An Investigation of Managers’ vs Employees’ Perceptions Abstract: Purpose. This paper aims to assess the organizational culture exposed by small and medium-sized companies (SMEs). In other words, we examine the relationship between leadership styles, organizational culture and organizational performance. In order to investigate the role of organizational culture, it is fundamental to analyze the leadership styles in relation to the types of culture, to identify how these are related and well aligned so that they can help the SMEs to be more effective, favoring their innovativeness. Therefore, we like to address the issue of organizational alignment as well, which occurs when employees and leadership are on the same page regarding an organization’s purposes and core values. Keywords: Organizational culture, Leadership, SMEs, Innovativeness. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 54-70 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-39110 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-2/organizational-culture-in-smes-an-investigation-of-managers-vs-employees-perceptions.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/organizational-culture-in-smes-an-investigation-of-managers-vs-employees-perceptions File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:173 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jovana Stokanović Sević Author-Name: Ana Jovancai Stakić Title: Prediction of Gold Price Movement Considering the Number of Infected with the Covid 19 Abstract: This paper aims to test several models and select the best one for predicting the price of gold on the world market for the next day, in five and ten days, taking into account the number of cases and deaths from the Covid-19 virus. These predictions can help decision-makers whether, at what point, and in what amount, it is best to invest in gold and gold-related financial instruments, relative to the projected price of gold from the model. The paper tests models called Decision tree, K-nearest neighbors, Linear regression model, and Support vector machines based on the information on gold prices and the number of cases and deaths from the Covid-19 virus. It will be seen in the paper that even models with only information on the price of gold give quite reliable predictions, but in unstable times like this, models that take into account the instability factor give more accurate predictions. The research aims to determine the optimal amount of information based on which the models will "learn" to give the most accurate possible result. This work’s data processing and models are done in Python. Keywords: Gold price, COVID-19, Decision tree, K-nearest neighbors, Linear regression model, Support vector machine. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 71-83 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-39258 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-2/prediction-of-gold-price-movement-considering-the-number-of-infected-with-the-covid-19.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/prediction-of-gold-price-movement-considering-the-number-of-infected-with-the-covid-19 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:174 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ilija Savić Author-Name: Slavko Alčaković Title: Online Learning during the Pandemic of Covid-19: Experiences of Students and Universities Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant influence on university education and organization of lecturing. Most universities throughout the world had not been prepared for the new circumstances, and this ultimately affected both the organization and the quality of lectures. Universities were obliged to follow trends and implement new strategies in lecturing in order to support their students where help was most required, and furthermore, in order to maintain the quality of their experiences and education. The objective of this research was to gain insight into how students reacted to the new pandemic situation and whether they are satisfied with online teaching so that universities could use the results to adapt and conduct online teaching in the future. The research found that students considered online learning had affected their efficiency, productivity, and level of motivation in the process of learning. Apart from these adversities regarding online teaching and learning, the survey found that the students’ attitude toward the implementation of technology in university education would improve the process of online lecturing and examination and enhance the present situation. Keywords: Covid-19, Online learning, Information technology, ICT. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 84-96 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-39714 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-2/online-learning-during-the-pandemic-of-covid-19-experiences-of-students-and-universities.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/online-learning-during-the-pandemic-of-covid-19-experiences-of-students-and-universities File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:175 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jelena Cerovina Author-Name: Ivana Milošević Author-Name: Milan Simić Title: Financial Analysis Of The Broadcasting Service Of Digital Television, Radio Programs And Data Transmission In The Republic Of Serbia Abstract: Digitalization of radio and television programs as well as other multimedia content is a very complex process with many aspects and requires large financial investments in the infrastructure of the system and all supporting elements. This paper provides a concise description of the institutional and regulatory frameworks in the digitalization process in the Republic of Serbia, the important reasons related to the choice of compression standard and standard for the transmission of television signals, as well as a description of the role of JP Emisiona tehnika i veze in the digitalization process. The aim of this paper is the financial analysis of earnings on an annual basis for the services of broadcasting TV programs in the first and second multiplexes, broadcasting radio programs within the DVB-T2 network and data transmission services after the digitalization process. The method and data required for the preparation of the financial analysis were derived on the basis of the price list of services published by the JP Emisiona tehnika i veze published in August 2020. The results are presented tabular and graphically. Keywords: Digitalization, Digital television, Digital data transmission, DVB-T2, Financial analysis. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 97-113 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-39525 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-2/financial-analysis-of-the-broadcasting-service-of-digital-television-radio-programs-and-data-transmission-in-the-republic-of-serbia.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/financial-analysis-of-the-broadcasting-service-of-digital-television-radio-programs-and-data-transmission-in-the-republic-of-serbia File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:176 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jasmina Ognjanović Author-Name: Aleksandra Mitrović Title: Work-Life Balance and Work-Related Attitudes of Employees: Case Study in Serbian Hotel Industry Abstract: The hotel industry is recognized in the labor market as insufficiently attractive for potential employees. Accordingly, hotel management must pay special attention to ensuring a balance between business and family obligations of employees, to create more favorable working conditions. Respecting the family obligations of employees results in positive work-related attitudes toward employees. This paper aims to investigate the nature of the connection between work-life balance and the work-related attitudes of employees. The research was conducted on a sample of 90 employees in three-, four- and five-star hotels in Serbia. The testing of the set research hypotheses was carried out using a non-parametric test for comparing groups, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. Using a non-parametric test to compare groups, a difference in the level of experience of work-life balance between male and female respondents was determined. It was also noted that men rated work-life balance worse than women. The results indicate a strong, positive, and statistically significant correlation between worklife balance and work-related attitudes of employees. Work-life balance contributes positively to the work-related attitudes of employees. Keywords: Work-life balance, Employees’ attitudes, Human resource management, Hotel. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 114-128 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-39093 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-2/work-life-balance-and-work-related-attitudes-of-employees-case-study-in-serbian-hotel-industry.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/work-life-balance-and-work-related-attitudes-of-employees-case-study-in-serbian-hotel-industry File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:177 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nevena Petrović Author-Name: Petar Milić Author-Name: Bojan Prlinčević Title: Using Open Government Data for Economic Development Abstract: Publishing of open government data brings enormous benefits both to providers and consumers. On the one hand, governments increase their transparency and enable development of smarter and richer solutions, while on the other hand it enables various stakeholders to extract new information and create value from them. In this paper we investigate applicability of open government data for economic development and creation of value from published data. Different aspects of open government data consumption are explored, such as effectiveness, transparency and quality – and how they interrelate. They are of great importance for valorisation of open government data, and we will show that leveraging economic value of OGD must be accompanied by governments’ ability to make high quality OGD available. Keywords: E-government, Open data, Transparency, Quality, Economic development. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 129-141 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE19-39004 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2022-19-2/using-open-government-data-for-economic-development.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/using-open-government-data-for-economic-development File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:178