Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Endre Pap Author-Email: epap@singidunum.ac.rs Author-Name: Miloš Petković Author-Email: mpetkovic@singidunum.ac.rs Author-Name: Ana Simićević Title: Measuring Distribution of Intellectual Capital Components Contribution: French Context Abstract: In this paper the contribution of intellectual capital components in the overall intellectual capital value is investigated. This paper adopted quantitative statistical methods Lambda phase measurement and Shapley’s value on the sample of 498 French companies in the period of 2008 to 2016 in order to estimate the highest and lowest contributions of intellectual capital components. For the purpose of the study, the official financial information from the companies’ annual reports were taken from the financial database “Point Risk†. The paper concentrates on two out of three intellectual capital components: structural and customer capital components. By the Shapley’s value final result, the customer capital component, which represents company’s commercial activities with the coefficient of 0.29911, is of greatest importance. On the other side, the lowest importance belongs to the structural capital component that represents value coming from research and development expenses with the coefficient of 0.07463 This study contributes to the management sciences literature byexamining distribution of contribution of two intellectual capital components in the annual reports of French companies. Keywords: distribution, intellectual capital components, contribution, monotone measure, shapley’s value Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 1-14 Volume: 18 Issue: 1 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-28628 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-1/measuring-distribution-of-intellectual-capital-components-contribution-french-context.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/measuring-distribution-of-intellectual-capital-components-contribution-french-context File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:142 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gabriel Aboyadana Author-Email: gabriel.aboyadana@strath.ac.uk Title: Monetary Policy and Bank Risk-Taking in Sub-Sahara Africa Abstract: Monetary policy has been shown to influence the risk-taking behaviour of banks in Europe and North America. Africa has however received limited attention in this regard. This study contributes to the monetary policy and bank risk-taking literature for sub-Sahara Africa by examining a panel of commercial banks from 2001-2015 for different types of risks. We find that monetary policy significantly influences bank risk-taking both statistically and economically, but the effect differs across the types of risks. Bank size and profitability are important in determining how effective monetary policy impacts risk-taking. The effects are stronger for countries without exchange rate controls. In terms of policies, monetary authorities intending to pursue expansionary monetary policy must remedy the risk-taking response by banks. Keywords: risk-taking, financial crisis, monetary policy, africa Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 15-38 Volume: 18 Issue: 1 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-28152 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-1/monetary-policy-and-bank-risk-taking-in-sub-sahara-africa.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/monetary-policy-and-bank-risk-taking-in-sub-sahara-africa File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:143 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hasan Hanić Author-Name: Milica Bugarčić Author-Email: milica.bugarcic@bba.edu.rs Author-Name: Radojko Lukić Author-Email: rlukic@ekof.bg.ac.rs Title: Econometric Examination of the Impact of Income on Household Expenditures for Package Holidays in Serbia Abstract: The subject of this paper is the econometric examination of the impact of income on expenditures, i.e. on the demand for package holidays of households in Serbia. The aim of this paper is to quantify the impact of income on household expenditures for package holidays in the country and abroad on the basis of alternative functional forms of Engel curves and elasticities derived from them. The starting research hypothesis is that with the increase in household income, the share of expenditures for tourist arrangements in total household expenditures in Serbia remains approximately unchanged. As sources of data, Household Budget Surveys in Serbia were used, which were conducted every year, starting from 2006 (until 2019). Based on the different functional forms of Engel curves, the parameters of the impact of income on expenditures for package arrangements were estimated, and then income elasticities were estimated. In addition to the impact of income, the impact of qualitative characteristics of households and especially household heads on expenditures for tourist arrangements was examined. With the help of appropriate statistical tests, the basic research hypothesis was proven and the influence of socio-economic and demographic characteristics of households on the demand for package holidays was quantified. Keywords: income elasticities, package holidays, engel curve, parameter significance, dummy variable Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 39-54 Volume: 18 Issue: 1 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-29551 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-1/econometric-examination-of-the-impact-of-income-on-household-expenditures-for-package-holidays-in-serbia.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/econometric-examination-of-the-impact-of-income-on-household-expenditures-for-package-holidays-in-serbia File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:144 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Krismon Dwi Apredianto Author-Name: Apriani Dorkas Rambu Atahau Author-Email: apriani.rambu@uksw.edu Author-Name: Andrian Dolfriandra Huruta Author-Email: andrian.huruta@uksw.edu Title: Market Reactions To Football Match Results: The Effect Of Venues And Competition Types Abstract: This study seeks to investigate the stock market reaction to football match results in different venues and competition types, especially for three major football clubs: Manchester United, Juventus FC, and Borussia Dortmund. We use a parametric paired sample t-test. The findings show that investors take not only match results but also venues and competition types into consideration when making investment decisions. This study indicates the stock markets of football clubs are semi-strong efficient markets. Different market reaction to match results for each football club studied implies the importance of understanding the specific characteristics of those clubs in making investment decisions. The findings suggest the football club investors need to consider their clubs’ competitive performance in different venues and competition types when making portfolio investment decisions. This study complemented the previous assumption on the importance of venues, and competition types match results in making investment decisions. Keywords: abnormal returns, trading volume, efficient market theory, football clubs, stock markets Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 55-72 Volume: 18 Issue: 1 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-28284 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-1/market-reactions-to-football-match-results-the-effect-of-venues-and-competition-types.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/market-reactions-to-football-match-results-the-effect-of-venues-and-competition-types File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:145 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stefan Zdravković Author-Email: szdravkovic034@yahoo.com Author-Name: Jelena Peković Title: The Impact of the Metacognitive and Behavioral Factors of Cultural Intelligence on Foreign Brand Acceptance Abstract: The aim of the paper is to show the influence of cultural intelligence in the acceptance of foreign brands and how these insights can help multinational companies in shaping and presenting their brands so that they are better accepted in different cultural environments. Cultural intelligence consists of four factors, two of which have been analyzed for the purposes of this paper - the metacognitive and behavioral factors. The metacognitive cultural dimensions are usefulfor the individual uses to obtain certain knowledge about a culture. Behavioral cultural intelligence represents the ability to adapt an individual to verbal and non-verbal behaviors according to the situation in culturally diverse environments. The results of the empirical research proved a statistically significant positive impact of the behavioral element of cultural intelligence on the acceptance of foreign brands by consumers, while the influence of the metacognitive factor on the acceptance of foreign brands is not statistically significant, which is different from most of the empirical studies conducted so far. Keywords: cultural intelligence, metacognitive factor, behavioral factor, foreign brand Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 73-88 Volume: 18 Issue: 1 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-26618 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-1/the-impact-of-the-metacognitive-and-behavioral-factors-of-cultural-intelligence-on-foreign-brand-acceptance.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/the-impact-of-the-metacognitive-and-behavioral-factors-of-cultural-intelligence-on-foreign-brand-acceptance File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:147 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Muhammad Basorudin Author-Email: m.basorudin@gmail.com Author-Name: R. Dwi Harwin Kusmaryo Author-Name: Sri Hartini Rachmad Author-Name: Gantjang Amannullah Author-Name: Serly Rachmadani Hamid Title: The Vulnerable Financial Issue: Capital Flight in Indonesia Abstract: Indonesia is a developing country with a high demand for capital from both domestic and international sources. However, international capital flows are needed the most. For non-Western countries, especially Indonesia, capital flight is an unfavourable financial problem. This research aims to summarise capital flight from Indonesia and analyse the impact of macroeconomic and non-macroeconomic determinants through capital flight. Macroeconomic determinants include budget deficits, economic growth, inflation rates, and exchange rates. Nonmacroeconomic determinants are the degree of trade openness, interest rate differences, and dummy ratings. The data comes from the Bank of Indonesia, OECD, Moody's, and BPS-Statistics Indonesia. The coverage of this research is the Indonesian quarter from 2010 to 2018. This period complies with the latest procedures of the sixth edition of the Balance of Payments Manual (BPM 6). In this research, the measurement of the capital flight is the World Bank’s residual method, trade misinvoicing method, and combined method. This research finds that, compared with other economics, non-macroeconomics is the most influential determinant of capital flight from Indonesia. Keywords: capital flight, combined method, non-macroeconomics, Indonesia. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 89-105 Volume: 18 Issue: 1 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-26921 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-1/the-vulnerable-financial-issue-capital-flight-in-indonesia.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/the-vulnerable-financial-issue-capital-flight-in-indonesia File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:139 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jelena Rajković Author-Email: j.rajkovic24@gmail.com Author-Name: Jasmina Poštin Author-Name: Marko Konjikušić Author-Name: Aleksandra Jagodić Rusić Author-Name: Hadži Strahinja Stojković Author-Name: Milan Nikolić Title: The Enterprise Potential, Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation and Entrepreneurial Intentions of Students in Serbia Abstract: In this paper are given the findings of the research of the effects of five variables on the dimensions of the enterprise potential, individual entrepreneurial orientation, the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and dimension entrepreneurial intention, by students. The effects of the following variables are observed: Gender, One of my parents has a private business, The year in which the student is studying, Student success in learning and studying and The financial opportunities to start a new business. The respondents are studying at seven faculties in Serbia. The sample included 488 respondents. The most influential variable on the dimension entrepreneurial intentions is the financial opportunities to start a new business. Also, men have more pronounced entrepreneurial intentions. Success in studies positively influences entrepreneurial potentials and proactivity, while the possession of finance positively influences entrepreneurial intentions and risk readiness. In cases of successful studies and the possession of finance, women are more motivated, more determined, and have more pronounced entrepreneurial intentions (especially in the case of having financial resources). Although men may show a more preference to become entrepreneurs, women approach entrepreneurship more realistically and decisively. Keywords: Enterprise potential, Individual entrepreneurial orientation, Entrepreneurial intentions, Students, Serbia. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 106-125 Volume: 18 Issue: 1 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-27707 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-1/the-enterprise-potential-individual-entrepreneurial-orientation-and-entrepreneurial-intentions-of-students-in-serbia.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/the-enterprise-potential-individual-entrepreneurial-orientation-and-entrepreneurial-intentions-of-students-in-serbia File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:140 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yu Hsing Author-Email: yhsing@selu.edu Title: Is There Any Government Debt Threshold in Four Selected Central European Countries? Abstract: This article shows that there is no government debt threshold in Hungary and Slovakia and that the respective government debt thresholds in Czechia and Poland are estimated to be 27.51% and 46.86%, which are far smaller than the 90% threshold suggested by Reinhart and Rogoff. Hence, the Reinhart-Rogoff threshold is not applicable to Czechia, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. Keywords: fiscal expansion, government debt, Reinhart-Rogoff threshold, production function. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 126-136 Volume: 18 Issue: 1 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-29568 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-1/is-there-any-government-debt-threshold-in-four-selected-central-european-countries.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/is-there-any-government-debt-threshold-in-four-selected-central-european-countries File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:141 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Srđan Šapić Author-Name: Jovana Lazarević Author-Email: jsavic@kg.ac.rs Author-Name: Jovana Filipović Title: The Effect of Country - of - Origin Image Trough Quality, Design and Attractiveness Related to Product on Consumer Loyalty Abstract: The main goal of this research is to determine whether there is an impact of country – of- origin image on consumer loyalty to products originating from countries with positive and recognizable image and whether this impact is achieved through characteristics such as product quality and design, and attractiveness related to using the same. To examine this impact, an empirical study was conducted on a sample of 150 respondents and analysis of collected data was performed in SPSS 20. The results show that information about country- of -origin image is important to consumers and has an impact on their behavior related to buying foreign product. More precisely, results show that country –of- origin image affects consumers when they choose products based on their quality and design and attractiveness that consumers feel when using these products, and also that through these characteristics country -of -origin image has effects on consumer loyalty. In accordance with the obtained results, conclusion is that it is extremely desirable for companies and governments to take into account the image that their country enjoys on the world market. Keywords: country -of -origin image, product quality, product design, attractiveness, consumer loyalty. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 137-150 Volume: 18 Issue: 1 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-28972 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-1/the-effect-of-country-of-origin-image-trough-quality-design-and-attractiveness-related-to-product-on-consumer-loyalty.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/the-effect-of-country-of-origin-image-trough-quality-design-and-attractiveness-related-to-product-on-consumer-loyalty File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:146 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Samuel N. Okafor Author-Email: okaforsam@gmail.com Author-Name: Juste S. Lokossou Title: Domestic Consumption and Uncertainty of Exchange Rate in a Monetary Union: Evidence From The Euro Area Abstract: The research seeks to uncover how real consumption reacts to real exchange rate uncertainty in the short and long run for the world’s largest monetary union- the euro zone. Twelve euro zone countries were sampled covering the period 1995Q1-2019Q4. Using generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) and pooled mean group (PMG), the result shows that exchange rate uncertainty significantly dampens long-run consumption while the short-run effect is mixed. In the benchmark model, a negative and significant error correction coefficient was obtained, which allows to argue that i) there is evidence of a return to the long-run equilibrium path for consumption following short run deviations and ii) the speed of adjustment to equilibrium is low, with a coefficient of ~ 4%. This suggests that, in the euro zone, convergence to long-run equilibrium is slow, as the proportion of disequilibrium corrected in one quarter, following a shock, is about 4%, which implies it would take ~17 quarters for one half of the disequilibrium, or deviations from the long-run consumption path to become corrected. Keywords: Monetary union, euro zone, exchange rate, consumption, uncertainty, GARCH, PMG. Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 151-172 Volume: 18 Issue: 1 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-28714 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-1/domestic-consumption-and-uncertainty-of-exchange-rate-in-a-monetary-union-evidence-from-the-euro-area.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/domestic-consumption-and-uncertainty-of-exchange-rate-in-a-monetary-union-evidence-from-the-euro-area File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:148 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Žaklina Spalević Author-Email: zspalevic@singidunum.ac.rs Author-Name: Snježana Stanišić Title: Economic Growth of the Tourism Sector in the Covid-19 Pandemic During 2021 Abstract: The tourism sector around the world has been hit hard by the Covid-19 virus pandemic. The consequences of the pandemic during 2020 on the entire tourism sector have significantly reduced the income of both individuals and the collection in the state treasury. The introduced measures, as well as the mass vaccination of citizens, enabled the opening of tourist destinations during 2021, which brought long-awaited revenues to this branch of economics. The opening of tourist destinations has started the travel sector, both air, and road, rail and water transport. The aim of this paper is to analyze the current economic growth of the tourism sector and compare the current situation with the situation in 2019 and the situation during the crisis in 2020. The paper also gives an overview of the legal measures adopted in order to overcome the problems caused by the closure. The analysis of the economic growth of the tourism sector during 2021 was performed on the basis of available data and information both in the world and in the countries of the region. Also, the analysis was performed for both international tourism and domestic tourist destinations. Based on the conducted analysis, it is concluded that the number of tourists who visited the observed regions in the first half of 2021 is still lower compared to the same period in 2019. Keywords: tourism, Covid-19, Europe, economic growth Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 1-14 Volume: 18 Issue: 2 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-33977 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-2/economic-growth-of-the-tourism-sector-in-the-covid-19-pandemic-during-2021.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/economic-growth-of-the-tourism-sector-in-the-covid-19-pandemic-during-2021 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:149 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Osarumwense Osabuohien-Irabor Title: Structural Breaks, Twitter, and The Stock Liquidity of Internet Dot-Com Company: Evidence From US Companies Abstract: The goal of this paper is to explore relationship between Twitter and stock liquidity of some large US internet Dot-com companies in the presence of unknown structural breaks for the period from September 2019 to April 2020. Using the Andrews-Ploberger and Andrews-Quandt structural break models, we identify the major structural breakpoints in the stock liquidity and find that most of these structural changes are significantly perceived. When we examined the sub periods as well as the full sample, Tweets and likes from most numbers of companies were found not to have links with stock liquidity. These results provide crucial insight into portfolio strategy to both international and local investors. Keywords: structural breaks, Twitter, stock company, Andrews-Ploberger, liquidity, regime Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 15-35 Volume: 18 Issue: 2 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-27857 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-2/structural-breaks-twitter-and-the-stock-liquidity-of-internet-dot-com-company-evidence-from-us-companies.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/structural-breaks-twitter-and-the-stock-liquidity-of-internet-dot-com-company-evidence-from-us-companies File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:150 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dušan Dobromirov Title: Corruption Impact on East European Emerging Markets Development Abstract: This paper analyzes the impact of corruption level on East European financial markets development. Financial market liquidity for 15 national markets is presented and market volume per capita is used as an indicator for market maturity. Market volume per capita values are compared to corruption perception index values, using classical logic method. Findings of the research are quite interesting and unexpected, as they show modest impact of corruption on financial market development. Results suggest that further research of corruption should be done, in order to develop better, quantitative corruption indicator. Keywords: corruption, financial markets, market liquidity Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 36-48 Volume: 18 Issue: 2 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-31151 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-2/corruption-impact-on-east-european-emerging-markets-development.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/corruption-impact-on-east-european-emerging-markets-development File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:151 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nataša Krstić Author-Email: krstic.natasa@gmail.com Title: Digital Playground: Friend or Foe to the Children? Abstract: For the central entertainment industry of the 21st century - online gaming, children are undoubtedly the key consumer group. Although research on the impact of the gaming industry on children mainly deals with adverse effects such as addiction, violent content, inappropriate conduct and monetisation of personal data, there are also many positive effects – family fun, virtual socialising, improving cognitive skills and using games as a teaching tool. Therefore, all participants' task in the gaming industry value chain is to maximise the positive and minimise the negative impacts on children. A survey conducted among 893 young gamers in Serbia exposed their habits in consuming online games and indicated whether their rights are protected during the gameplay. The conclusion provides recommendations for key stakeholders in the gaming industry's ecosystem on making the digital playground inclusive, safe, and responsible for respecting children's rights. Keywords: child rights, gaming, gaming industry, Covid-19, Serbia Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 49-61 Volume: 18 Issue: 2 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-29481 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-2/digital-playground-friend-or-foe-to-the-children.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/digital-playground-friend-or-foe-to-the-children File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:152 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gideon I. Ihuarulam Author-Name: Gbenga Peter Sanusi Author-Name: L.O. Oderinde Title: Macroeconomic Determinants of Tax Revenue in Economic Community of West African States Abstract: The determination of the effects of macroeconomic environment on tax revenue is very vital for every country and more so for an economic community aiming for harmonization of macroeconomic environment and ultimately integration. However, the extent to which aggregate output, inflation, and unemployment affect tax revenue in ECOWAS has been less studied in the literature. Therefore, this study empirically investigates how tax revenue is related to selected macroeconomic variables. Panel data analysis is employed on six ECOWAS countries’ data set on tax revenue, gross domestic product, inflation, unemployment, trade openness and exchange rate over 2005-2019. The Wald’s test and Hausman test indicated that the fixed effects regression was appropriate for the study. The results showed that inflation was positively related to tax revenue and statistically significant at 5 percent. A unit increase in inflation led to 0.007 increase in tax revenue measure; economic growth was also positive and statistically significant at 5 percent; a unit rise in GDP resulted in 0.78 rise in governmental tax revenue variable. Finally, Tax revenue variable decreased by 0.10 with a unit increase in unemployment. It is recommended that ECOWAS countries should carefully manage their macroeconomic environment to boost tax revenue. Keywords: Macroeconomic variables, Tax revenue, ECOWAS, Hausman Test, Optimal tax theory Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 62-75 Volume: 18 Issue: 2 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-30727 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-2/macroeconomic-determinants-of-tax-revenue-in-economic-community-of-west-african-states.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/macroeconomic-determinants-of-tax-revenue-in-economic-community-of-west-african-states File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:153 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milan Kostić Author-Name: Jelena Živković Title: Concentration of Supply on the Chosen Markets of Serbian Electronic Communications Sector Abstract: The electronic communications sector is very important sector of a national economy. It provides an opportunity for facilitating business activities and it is a good area for investment. A small number of operators and a large number of users operate in most markets of the electronic communications sector. The conditions under which electronic communications services are available to users in different countries diverge, among other things, due to the degree of liberalization of individual markets in these countries. The Republic of Serbia has significantly liberalized this sector of economic activity by adjusting it according to the regulations of the European Union. However, certain entry barriers have remained, primarily related to the licenses that operators need to obtain to operate in the Serbian market. The paper aims to investigate the level of concentration in selected markets of the electronic communications sector, namely: mobile telecommunication networks and services, broadband Internet services and media content distribution. The research showed a high level of concentration measured by the Herfindahl-Hirschman index in all three markets. A further increase in concentration is expected in all analyzed markets in the short term. These research results require more attention from regulatory bodies because they increase the possibility of some form of non-competitive behaviour by undertakings. Keywords: electronic communications sector, market concentration, distortion of competition, competition policy Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 76-94 Volume: 18 Issue: 2 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-32186 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-2/concentration-of-supply-on-the-chosen-markets-of-serbian-electronic-communications-sector.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/concentration-of-supply-on-the-chosen-markets-of-serbian-electronic-communications-sector File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:154 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ahmed Khattab Author-Name: El Khlifi Imad Title: The Long-Run Impact of Bank Credit Growth on Social and Economic Inequalities in Morocco Evidence From The Johansen's Cointegration Analysis Abstract: The subject of the economic and social inequalities growth has become a major concern for economic researchers around the world. As a result, there is a great attention and concern about the significant costs of rising inequalities on peace and social coherence in society. To counteract the harms of these inequalities, Morocco has undertaken several reforms, including the implementation of a new development model set up in 2018. The main objective of this article is to estimate the impact of bank credit growth on the increase of economic and social inequalities in Morocco. In other words, we have verified whether there is a positive impact on the rise of income inequalities in Morocco. For this reason, in this study, we tested an econometric model, using the cointegration method, particularly, the error correction model. Thus, our results confirms that the degree of trade openness, bank credit and gross domestic product per capita are considered to be determinants of the equilibrium of the Gini index in the long run. We used annual data covering the period 1990-2019 from the Central Bank of Morocco (BAM) database and the World Bank database (WBD). A wide range of studies demonstrate the significant positive impact between bank credits and income inequalities. Keywords: Income inequalities, bank credits, economic growth,trade openness, cointegration Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 95-126 Volume: 18 Issue: 2 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-30597 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-2/the-long-run-impact-of-bank-credit-growth-on-social-and-economic-inequalities-in-morocco-evidence-from-the-johansens-cointegration-analysis.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/the-long-run-impact-of-bank-credit-growth-on-social-and-economic-inequalities-in-morocco-evidence-from-the-johansens-cointegration-analysis File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:155 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Predrag Mali Author-Name: Bogdan Kuzmanović Author-Name: Milan Nikolić Author-Name: Edit Tarek Stojanović Title: The Impact of Control Variables nn Entrepreneurial Intentions Among Employed Persons Abstract: The paper presents the results of the study of individual entrepreneurial orientation dimensions, the achievement dimension and the theory of planned behavior dimensions, depending on seven variables: the respondents' gender, their age, the educational level of the respondents, the ownership structure of the enterprises, the respondents' previous experience in entrepreneurship, their perceived job performance, and their perceived finances. The specificity of the research is that the respondents are employed persons. The sample included 540 respondents from 72 organizations in Serbia. Data analysis was performed via a t-test. A statistically significant difference in the influence of the observed variables exists in most cases, except for the variable - the respondents' level of education. Thus, four of the seven hypotheses were fully confirmed, two were partially confirmed, while one hypothesis was rejected. The profile of an employed person who, potentially, has the greatest chances of becoming an entrepreneur is the following: a younger man with a high school diploma (a degree does not have such a significant impact), who is employed in a private company, has previous entrepreneurial experience, is successful at work and has adequate finances. Keywords: Individual entrepreneurial orientation, the theory of planned behavior, entrepreneurial intentions, employed persons, Serbia Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 127-145 Volume: 18 Issue: 2 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-30186 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-2/the-impact-of-control-variables-nn-entrepreneurial-intentions-among-employed-persons.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/the-impact-of-control-variables-nn-entrepreneurial-intentions-among-employed-persons File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:156 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jasmina Ognjanović Title: Preferred Attributes of Employer Brand Attractiveness Among Potential Employees in The Hotel Industry Abstract: Successful management of preferred attributes of employer brand attractiveness provides appropriate benefits for hotels. The research aim is to examine the preferred attributes of employer brand attractiveness among potential employees in the hotel industry. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism and includes 148 fourth-year undergraduate students and master students studying in Hospitality Management. Descriptive statistics were used in the paper. By analyzing the results, author concluded that the preferred attributes of employer brand attractiveness are career advancement and employee training and development. Employees’ desire to work for an employer that provides employee training and development opportunities brings numerous benefits to hotels, since employee development contributes to the creation of high-quality hotel services, more efficient employees, and, thus, better organizational performance. The least preferred attributes of employer brand attractiveness among potential hotel employees are “corporate reputation†and “corporate culture†. Keywords: employer brand attractiveness, human resource, attributes of employer brand attractiveness, hotel Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 146-160 Volume: 18 Issue: 2 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-32929 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-2/preferred-attributes-of-employer-brand-attractiveness-among-potential-employees-in-the-hotel-industry.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/preferred-attributes-of-employer-brand-attractiveness-among-potential-employees-in-the-hotel-industry File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:157 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen Esaku Title: Political Instability and Informality in Uganda: An Empirical Analysis Abstract: In this paper, we analyzed the long-run relationship between political instability and the shadow economy in Uganda using the autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing approach to cointegration. We found a negative and statistically significant relationship between political instability and the shadow economy, in both the long-run and short-run. This implies that an improvement in political processes that creates stability in the incumbent regime significantly reduces the shadow economy, consistent with the view that political institutions play a crucial role in facilitating political processes, which in turn reinforce the allocation of economic resources and the provision of public goods and services that improve the welfare of the citizens. This makes it less attractive for the citizens to operate in the shadow economy as the formal economy can now provide much of the needed goods and services. The practical implication of these results is that any attempts by policy makers to reduce activities in the shadow economy should also involve reforming the political system and encouraging civic engagement between the political elites and the citizenry or voters. Additionally, policy makers should formulate policies that reinforce the functioning of political institutions independent of any interference from political elites with rent-seeking behavior. Keywords: shadow economy, governance, democracy, informal sector, political economy Journal: The European Journal of Applied Economics Pages: 161-177 Volume: 18 Issue: 2 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.5937/EJAE18-31159 File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/files/2021-18-2/political-instability-and-informality-in-uganda-an-empirical-analysis.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-URL: https://journal.singidunum.ac.rs/paper/political-instability-and-informality-in-uganda-an-empirical-analysis File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:sng:ejae01:158